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About intestinal diseases
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In human anatomy , the intestine ( or bowel ) is the segment of the alimentary ، canal extending
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from the mouth via stomach to the anus and , in humans and other mammals , consists of two
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segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is further
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subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum & ileum while the large intestine is subdivided into the
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caecum and colon.
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Diseases and disorders
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Angiodysplasia of the colon
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* Appendicitis is inflammation , of the vermiform appendix located at the caecum . This is a,
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potentially fatal disease if left untreated; most cases of appendicitis require surgical intervention.
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* Bowel twist (or similarly, bowel strangulation) is a comparatively rare event (usually developing
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sometime after major bowel surgery) . It is , however , hard to diagnose correctly , and if left
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uncorrected can lead to bowel infarction and death. (The singer Maurice Gibb is understood to
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have died from this.)
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* Chronic functional abdominal pain
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* Coeliac disease is a common form of malabsorption, affecting up to 1%, of people of northern
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European descent. An autoimmune response is triggered in intestinal cells by digestion of gluten
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proteins.
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Ingestion of proteins found in wheat, barley and rye, causes villous atrophy in the small intestine.
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Life-long dietary avoidance of these foodstuffs in a gluten-free diet is the only treatment.
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* Colitis is an inflammation of the large intestine.
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* Colorectal cancer
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* Constipation
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* Crohn's disease & ulcerative colitis are examples of inflammatory bowel disease. While Crohn's
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can affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, ulcerative colitis is limited to the large intestine. Crohn's
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disease is widely regarded as an autoimmune disease. Although ulcerative colitis is often treated
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as though it were an autoimmune disease, there is no consensus that it actually is such.
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* Diarrhea
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* Diverticular disease is a condition that is very common in older people in industrialized countries.
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It usually affects the large intestine but has been known to affect the small intestine as well.
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Diverticulosis occurs when pouches form on the intestinal wall . Once the pouches become
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inflamed it is known as diverticulitis.
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* Endometriosis can affect the intestines, with similar symptoms to IBS.
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* Enteroviruses are named by their transmission-route through the intestine (enteric meaning
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intestinal), but their symptoms aren't mainly associated with the intestine.
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* Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the intestines. It is the most common disease of all the
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intestines.
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* Hirschsprung's disease (aganglionosis)
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* Ileitis is an inflammation of the ileum.
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* Ileus is a blockage of the intestines.
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* Intussusception
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* Pseudomembranous colitis
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